

Over time, these norms became features of diplomatic systems across culture and time. The essence of diplomacy can be understood as the norms facilitating estranged interaction that have remained by and large continuous since humanity’s earliest ancestors met their neighbours, and decided to remain separate, but at peace. There are no breaks, sideline chats, quiet drinks, or steps outside to calm tensions, build rapport, or explore new opportunities.

Videoconference diplomacy lacks nuance, subtlety, and the personal touch. According to most diplomats, it serves as an inadequate platform on which to rest the practice of diplomacy. But the solution was hardly modern, instead based on technologies more than three decades old had anyone bothered to use them. However, videoconference diplomacy was an emergency measure, allowing a propped-up version of the practice to stumble on. Stuck with an inadequate platform, diplomacy needs to innovate.
